The Gauteng Department of Health has urged residents to seek early medical diagnosis and treatment for haemophilia, as the world marks World Haemophilia Day on Friday, 17 April 2026.
Commemorated this year under the theme “Diagnosis: First Step to Care”, the day highlights the importance of identifying the rare but potentially life-threatening blood disorder as early as possible. Health officials say early detection remains critical in preventing severe complications and improving the quality of life for those living with the condition.
Haemophilia is a genetic disorder that affects the blood’s ability to clot properly, often resulting in prolonged or excessive bleeding. Even minor injuries can lead to serious complications, while in severe cases, patients may experience spontaneous internal bleeding without any obvious cause.
According to the department, symptoms typically appear in early childhood. Warning signs include excessive bruising, frequent nosebleeds, prolonged bleeding from cuts, and bleeding into joints and muscles. These internal bleeds can cause significant pain, swelling and, over time, permanent joint damage if left untreated.
The condition is caused by a deficiency in clotting factors in the blood. The most common form, haemophilia A, results from a lack of clotting factor VIII, while haemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of clotting factor IX. Due to its genetic nature, the disorder primarily affects males, although females can be carriers and, in some cases, also experience symptoms.
Health authorities have warned that without proper management, haemophilia can lead to severe and sometimes fatal complications. Internal bleeding, particularly in vital organs, poses a significant risk if not treated promptly. As a result, the department is encouraging parents and caregivers to be vigilant and to seek medical advice if they notice any unusual or prolonged bleeding in children.
“Early diagnosis is the first and most important step in managing haemophilia,” the department said. “Timely medical intervention can stop bleeding episodes, prevent long-term damage and allow individuals with haemophilia to lead healthier, more active lives.”
Residents are advised to visit healthcare facilities if they suspect symptoms, as delays in treatment can result in life-threatening situations. The department emphasised that awareness and early action can make a significant difference in patient outcomes.
To support patients, the Gauteng Department of Health provides specialised diagnostic and treatment services at several academic hospitals across the province. These include Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Steve Biko Academic Hospital and Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital.
In addition, the department continues to strengthen its response to haemophilia through partnerships with organisations such as the Haemophilia Foundation of South Africa. These collaborations focus on training healthcare workers at both clinic and hospital levels to improve early detection, streamline referrals and ensure effective long-term management of the condition.
As awareness efforts continue, health officials are calling on communities to take symptoms seriously and seek care early, stressing that timely diagnosis remains the key to saving lives and preventing avoidable complications.
